Current events make the need for open education greater than ever, but there are fewer resources available to support this work. The textbooks are available online for free. The foundation also supports the creation of new openly licensed materials where they are not already available as well as through its Open Textbook Challenge. OER can be print or digital. Open educational resources can provide access to high-quality resources while offsetting the costs of traditional textbooks. The OER Policy Registry was moved in fall 2018 to the OER World Map, it currently contains 148 policies. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences". [34] It recommends 41 actions to mainstream open-licensed resources to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 4 on “quality and lifelong education". We have aligned the systems that we use for core student provision with those for our public OER provision. Microsites are custom, flexible sites that include all the features available on OER Commons. "[71] The organisation has instigated debate on how to apply OERs in practice and chaired vivid discussions on this matter through its International Institute of Educational Planning (IIEP). High hopes have been voiced for OERs to alleviate the digital divide between the global North and the global South, and to make a contribution to the development of less advanced economies. [90] The Saylor Foundation makes use of university and college faculty members and subject experts to assist in this process, as well as to provide peer review of each course to ensure its quality. [21], The OER movement originated from developments in open and distance learning (ODL) and in the wider context of a culture of open knowledge, open source, free sharing and peer collaboration, which emerged in the late 20th century. The common term that represents the products of Open Education is OER (Open Educational Resources). The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines OER as: "digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. [73] In 2012 the Paris OER Declaration[74] was approved during the 2012 OER World Congress held at UNESCO's headquarters in Paris. [1], The development and promotion of open educational resources is often motivated by a desire to provide an alternate or enhanced educational paradigm. Allen & Seaman, 2014;[52] Bliss, Hilton, Wiley, & Thanos, 2013[53]). Get Started. The objectives of the project are: To increase the level of national collaboration between universities and educational organisations in the use and production of OER, To find effective online methods to support teachers and students, in terms of quality, technology and retrievability of OER, To raise awareness for the potential of webinars as a tool for open online learning, To increase the level of collaboration between universities' support functions and foster national resource sharing, with a base in modern library and educational technology units, and To contribute to the creation of a national university structure for tagging, distribution and storage of OER. The collection contains a large selection of learning materials designed for various education levels. Groups provides a flexible environment to organize, create, share, and discuss resources with others in your network. The main result of OLCOS was a Roadmap,[84] in order to provide decision makers with an overview [59] GO-GN provides its members with funding and networking opportunities as well as research support. This technologically driven tension is deeply bound up with the discourse of open-source licensing. However, to date there has been limited presentation of concrete data to back up this assertion, which reduces the effectiveness of such arguments and opens the OER movement to justified academic criticism.”[20], A large part of the early work on open educational resources was funded by universities and foundations such as the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation,[27] which was the main financial supporter of open educational resources in the early years and has spent more than $110 million in the 2002 to 2010 period, of which more than $14 million went to MIT. Join our philanthropic network and explore new business opportunities with us! US – Washington State's Open Course Library Project is a collection of expertly developed educational materials – including textbooks, syllabi, course activities, readings, and assessments – for 81 high-enrolling college courses. India – National Council Of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) digitized all its textbooks from 1st standard to 12th standard. TCC is the 11th largest public two-year college in the nation, enrolling nearly 47,000 students annually.[95]. Thus, open educational resources are the learning material and teaching that is available either under open licensing or in the public domain. Examples. A project created by ISKME. Open educational resources policies are principles or tenets adopted by governing bodies in support of the use of open content and practices in educational institutions. The modules are available in three different languages – English, French, and Portuguese, making the AVU the leading African institution in providing and using open education resources[94], In August 2013, Tidewater Community College become the first college in the U.S. to create an Associate of Science degree based entirely on openly licensed content – the "Z-Degree". In 2014, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation started funding the establishment of an OER World Map that documents OER initiatives around the world. to experience the benefits of open processes using the platform's tools, collaborative features, and workflows. [87] In 10 weeks, 150 authors contributed more than 50 chapters to the CCMOOC eBook and companion site. A network of ten universities led by Karlstad University will arrange a series of open webinars during the project period focusing on the use and production of open educational resources. The institution did not approve of the fact that he permitted 50 students who had been rejected from admission to study with him. The combined efforts of a 13-member faculty team, college staff and administration culminated when students enrolled in the first "z-courses" which are based solely on OER. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is taking a leading role in "making countries aware of the potential of OER. The platform expects to collect 5000 courses during the first year that can be reused by teachers worldwide. Open Education Week’s goal is to raise awareness about free and open educational opportunities that exist for everyone, everywhere, right now. Perceptions: faculty's and students' perceptions of OER. For example, Weller (2013) defines open pedagogy as follows: "Open pedagogy makes use of this abundant, open content (such as open educational resources, videos, podcasts), but also places an emphasis on the network and the learner's connections within this". At the same time, the team looked beyond individual courses to create depth and quality around full pathways for students to earn an entire degree. OERs were first defined by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2002, as … The OER World Map invites people to enter a personal profile as well to add their organization, OER project or service to the database. Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge.[6]. [124] Consider, for example, the conceptions of gratis versus libre knowledge as found in the discourse about massive open online courses, which may offer free courses but charge for end-of-course awards or course verification certificates from commercial entities. Kim Jones serves as Curriki's Executive Director. | College Open Textbooks Blog", "Aims and Objectives | DELILA Project Blog", "DELILA – Embedding Digital and Information Literacy OERs into the PG Cert", "OER@AVU – Open Educational Resources by the African Virtual University", "Community college to offer textbook-free degree", "Open Educational Resources at Northern Virginia Community College", "Digitale læremidler i videregående opplæring – Oppfølging av Revidert Nasjonalbudsjett for 2006", "Lov om grunnskolen og den vidaregåande opplæringa (opplæringslova) – Lovdata", "Open Educational Resources and Creative Commons", "Developing open education literacies with practicing K-12 teachers", "Arab League, U.S. [29] The report "Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources",[30] published in May 2007, is the main output of the project, which involved a number of expert meetings in 2006. While a semantic distinction can be made delineating the technologies used to access and host learning content from the content itself, these technologies are generally accepted as part of the collective of open educational resources.[17]. According to Wiley & Hilton (2018),[9] the two popular terms used are "open pedagogy" and "open educational practices". Bliss, T. J., Hilton, J., Wiley, D., & Thanos, K. (2013, January 7). Those requiring metrics associated with OER are often those with economic investment in the technologies needed to access or provide electronic OER, those with economic interests potentially threatened by OER,[16] or those requiring justification for the costs of implementing and maintaining the infrastructure or access to the freely available OER. Writing Commons, an international open textbook spearheaded by Joe Moxley at the University of South Florida, has evolved from a print textbook into a crowd-sourced resource for college writers around the world. OER have been used in educational contexts in a variety of ways, and researchers and practitioners have proposed different names for such practices. Traditional educational materials, such as textbooks, are protected under conventional copyright terms. Part 3 of 3 looks at balancing two claims – not too big, not too small – to shift the conversation about open education. ", Technology issues – some students may have difficulty accessing online resources because of slow internet connection, or may not have access to the software required to use the materials, Europe – Learning Resource Exchange for schools (LRE) is a service launched by. One of the sub-projects of Research on OER for development project aimed to work with teachers from government schools in Karnataka, to collaboratively create OER, including in the Kannada language spoken in the state. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 License statement/permission on Wikimedia Commons. Butcher and Hoosen[67] noted that “a key argument put forward by those who have written about the potential benefits of OER relates to its potential for saving cost or, at least, creating significant economic efficiencies. Preston Davis, Director of Instructional Services at NOVA Online, led the ELI team of faculty, instructional designers and librarians on the project to create what NOVA calls "digital open" courses. Generally, research on OER is categorized into four categories, called COUP Framework, based on the focus of research:[47], Cost: the impact of OER adoption on cost reduction [97] The incentive was an amendment imposing the counties to provide free educational material, in print as well as digital, including digital hardware.[98]. They also include the creation, use and repurposing of Open Educational Resources (OER) and their adaptation to the contextual setting. Open educational resources (OER) are high-quality learning materials that are published under an open license, making them free for educators to use, repurpose, and share. [77] The OER4Schools project focusses on the use of Open Educational Resources in teacher education in sub-Saharan Africa. [88], In 2011–12, academicians from the University of Mumbai, India created an OER Portal with free resources on Micro Economics, Macro Economics, and Soft Skills – available for global learners. For example, a video can be openly licensed and freely used without being a streaming video. Create a standalone learning module, lesson, assignment, assessment or activity, Submit OER from the web for review by our librarians. These can take a wide variety of forms including text, photographic and video material, audio, software, quizzes, or even whole course lessons (called OpenCourseware).These materials are either in the public domain or have been offered under Creative Commons licenses that … [31], In September 2007, the Open Society Institute and the Shuttleworth Foundation convened a meeting in Cape Town to which thirty leading proponents of open education were invited to collaborate on the text of a manifesto. of current and likely future developments in OER and recommendations on how various [58] To date, more than 50 researchers have joined the program and conducted research on OER. New OER can be assembled or simply reused or repurposed from existing open resources. Currently, more than 60 students are listed as its members. ", "Wikiwijs: An unexpected journey and the lessons learned towards OER | Schuwer", "Curriki Appoints Kim Jones as New Executive Director to Oversee Next Phase of Growth", "The Purpose of Learning for Content – outcomes and results", "Open Educational Practices and Resources: The OLCOS Roadmap 2012", "Experimenting with MOOCs: Network-based Communities of Practice. To learn how to add open license text to Wikipedia articles, please see this how-to page. While OER must be hosted and disseminated, and some require funding, OER development can take different routes, such as creation, adoption, adaptation and curation. At every Institute and Universities level,each and everyone Student and Research scholar should aware of open educational resources and how to Implement the license should be educated and make all them to do hands on session[60]. Nordic OER is a Nordic network to promote open education and collaboration amongst stakeholders in all educational sectors. The most advantageous aspect of using open education resources is the fact that the… Projects, districts, states, and initiatives make use of Hubs to bring groups of educators together to create, Comparative Analysis of an Open Educational Resource Textbook and Commercial Textbook on Student Outcomes in an Online Nursing Course There is a growing body of research on the benefits of using open educational resources (OER) in higher education, and their impact on student outcomes. The lectures and resources are presented in Mandarin, though a few include English. Courses were stripped down to the Learning Outcomes and rebuilt using openly licensed content, reviewed and selected by the faculty developer based on its ability to facilitate student achievement of the objectives. [83], Between 2006 and 2007, as a Transversal Action under the European eLearning Programme, the Open e-Learning Content Observatory Services (OLCOS) project carries out a set of activities that aim at fostering the creation, sharing and re-use of Open Educational Resources (OER) in Europe and beyond. The first version of the website was launched in March 2015[101] and the website is continuously developing. Proponents of open education believe everyone in the world should have access to high-quality educational experiences and resources, and they work to eliminate barriers to this goal. The term OER describes publicly accessible materials and resources for any user to use, re-mix, improve and redistribute under some licenses. He also found that perceptions of OER by faculty and students are generally positive (e.g. Open educational resources (OERs) can be a valuable asset for educators, but there are some things to consider before jumping on the bandwagon. 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